Quiz

In the diagram, the circumference of the external large circle is
1) longer, or
2) shorter, or
3) equal to,
the sum of the circumferences of all inner circles centered on the common diameter, tangent to each other.

Facebook & Ranking Elo Formula

Eduardo Saverin (now a Singaporean billionaire investor) gave the wrong Elo formula to his Facebook co-founder Mark Zuckerburg, both of them became 'accidental' billionaire. Watch the video clip in the movie "Social Network":

http://m.youtube.com/#/watch?v=BzZRr4KV59I

The Elo formula is based on the theory of Normal Distribution with Logarithm function, from base of exponential e to base of 10.
The correct Elo Formula should be :
$Latex \boxed
{
E_a =\frac{1}
{1+ \frac{1}{400}.\Huge 10^{(R_b - R_a)}
}
}$

$Latex \boxed
{
E_b =\frac{1}
{1+ \frac{1}{400}.\Huge 10^{(R_a - R_b)}
}
}$

Eduardo had missed the power ^ below:

白马非马

韓非子是战国法家, 荀子的高徒, 秦始皇宰相李斯的同学。他说"白马非马", 即白马不是马, 可以用集合論(Set Theory) 证明:

Let 马 = H = {w, b, r, y ...}
w : 白马
b : 黑马
r ：红马
y：黄马

Let 白马 = W = {w}

To prove:
H = W
We must prove:
H ⊂ W and H ⊃ W

From definition we know:
$latex w \in H \supset W $
$latex H \nsubseteq W $
$latex \implies H \neq W $

白马≠马
白马非马
[QED]

其他例子:
木魚非鱼

Landau's Beautiful Proofs

Landau's Beautiful Proofs.

Solution 3 (Modelling): Monkeys & Coconuts

More on Linguistic "Half Life"

Proto Indo-European and Chinese in the Late Neolithic Age
后新石器时代的原欧-印语与汉语

Tsung-tung Chang[張聰東] 1988:
“Indo-European vocabulary in Old Chinese: A new thesis on the emergence of Chinese language and civilization in the Late Neolithic Age”, Sino-Platonic Papers 7, Philadelphia.

This Chinese scholar wrote the 1988 paper on the Chinese language origin with the proto-Indo-European (proto IE).

Interestingly very similar 'coincidence' occurs in 1500 words between Chinese and proto IE:

Take -> 得 tek (ancient Chinese sound as in Fujian dialect today)
Mort -> 殁 mo
See -> 视 see
Cow -> 牛 gu
...

http://www.sino-platonic.org/complete/spp007_old_chinese.pdf


After the Tower of Babel, God confused the human into different languages, but by the linguistic 'archaeology' 'Half Life' Theory, we can deduce ~ 4,900 years ago the Chinese and the Germanic (English, Denmark, German ...) shared the same common linguistic root.

The ancient Chinese scholar Xu Shen许慎(东汉 : 58 CE -147 CE) who compiled the first dictionary on Chinese characters and its origins "说文解字", wrote that the character :
白 (White) is "从入合二" : from the origin character 入 together with 2 (二).


For 2,000 years nobody understood what Xu meant or he had made a mistake for the character 白 (white)。

Now from the "Half-Life Theory", we trace to the Germanic common root, Chinese scholars confirm Xu was right.

The character '入' pronounced in ancient sound (still remains in southern dialect like Fujian in Singapore / Taiwan) is *njub, '入' is the ancient character for 乳头( nipple). *njub sounds like 'nipple' in Germanic languages.

白 means use 2 fingers or 2 lips (合二) to squeeze out white milk from nipple (入).

In European languages, 'White' / 'Milk' are also connected in etymology by 'b' 'mb':
English: bleach / milk
Denmark: bleg / maek
Sweden: blek / mjök
German: bleich / milch
Dutch: bleek / melk
Ancient Irish: mlicht/blicht (bleacht)
Polish: biały / mleko

Conclusion :

白 => milk => white (color)

-----------------------------------------
Language 'Half-Life' Formula

$latex \boxed{T = \frac{\log N} {2.\log 85\%}}$
(N= % of vocabulary with common root)

Modern English & German:
N=60%
=> T =1.561 (K-Yrs)
=> 1,561 yrs ago the 2 languages shared the common root @ 449 CE. [confirmed by historians]






Genesis 11:1-9 Tower of Babel

God confused Noah's descendants from their common language root 'Proto-Canaanite' to different languages:
Phoenician
Greek
Aramaic -> Arabic / Jewish
Chinese
...
1. Chinese / 日耳曼語系 Germanic (English) have common root T = 4,951 yrs ago [尧/舜]

2. Chinese / Latin (French)
T= 3,700 yrs ago [夏/商]

3. Chinese / Persian (Iran) T= 3,100 yrs ago [商/周]

Proof: [Chinese / Germanic / Latin Common Roots]

背bei -> Back

爸ba -> papa

鳳feng -> [Phoin] = Phoenix [Greek]

殁mo (=死) -> Mort (English) / Mort (French)

民min -> man (eng) / mann (German)

核he /ker -> Heart / kerd (Kernel)

酸suan -> sour